本文以一个 CS 学生与 Linux 用户的视角介绍武汉大学校园网，兼谈我的体会。
基本信息
登录验证
校园网使用 强制门户 进行登录验证，用 Chromium、Firefox 之类的浏览器随便打开某个 HTTP 网站就会跳转到登录页面，无需额外安装软件，但对于没有 GUI 的无头系统不太友好。
找了一圈之后，我发现似乎可以用锐捷认证客户端来验证登录，这样就不必额外装 GUI 了。照着这个思路，我尝试了 mentohust 与 minieap，但都无法验证。最后，我找到了 WHU-net-access，虽然它有点年久失修，但确实可以成功验证（其实最后还是用回了 GUI 登录）。
后来我才发现 GitHub 上有现成的 Shell 脚本，比如 duament/WHU_captive_portal_login 和 7Ji/auto-whu-standard，它们的主要思路如下：
#!/usr/bin/env bash
USERNAME=20201234567890 # 13 位学号
PASSWORD=123456 # 默认为身份证后 6 位
# Internet：校园网；dianxin：电信；liantong：联通；yidong：移动
TYPE=Internet
# 如果 DNS 有问题，建议把 TEST_URL 换成 "http://1.0.0.1/"
TEST_URL="http://www.google.cn/generate_204"
AUTH_URL="http://172.19.1.9:8080/eportal/InterFace.do?method=login"
QUERYSTRING=$(curl -s $TEST_URL | grep -oP "(?<=\?).*(?=\')")
curl -s $AUTH_URL \
--data-urlencode userId=$USERNAME \
--data-urlencode password="$PASSWORD" \
--data-urlencode service="$TYPE" \
--data-urlencode queryString="$QUERYSTRING"
这样的 Shell 脚本比一个最后更新于 2016 年的 Python 2 程序好用得多。
带宽
寝室的 2.4 GHz 与 5 GHz WiFi 上下行大部分时间均在 90 Mbps 左右，有时会掉到 30 Mbps。
有线连接速率测试如下：
| 时间 | 上行 | 下行 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | 729 Mbps | 426 Mbps |
| 1:00 | 786 Mbps | 603 Mbps |
| 2:00 | 817 Mbps | 684 Mbps |
| 3:00 | 854 Mbps | 804 Mbps |
| 4:00 | 845 Mbps | 770 Mbps |
| 5:00 | 516 Mbps | 581 Mbps |
| 6:00 | 856 Mbps | 814 Mbps |
| 7:00 | 785 Mbps | 780 Mbps |
| 8:00 | 811 Mbps | 771 Mbps |
| 9:00 | 825 Mbps | 690 Mbps |
| 10:00 | 723 Mbps | 619 Mbps |
| 11:00 | 769 Mbps | 732 Mbps |
| 12:00 | 794 Mbps | 619 Mbps |
| 13:00 | 791 Mbps | 348 Mbps |
| 14:00 | 657 Mbps | 513 Mbps |
| 15:00 | 586 Mbps | 547 Mbps |
| 16:00 | 586 Mbps | 574 Mbps |
| 17:00 | 582 Mbps | 579 Mbps |
| 18:00 | 605 Mbps | 226 Mbps |
| 19:00 | 459 Mbps | 415 Mbps |
| 20:00 | 602 Mbps | 119 Mbps |
| 21:00 | 634 Mbps | 568 Mbps |
| 22:00 | 417 Mbps | 104 Mbps |
| 23:00 | 569 Mbps | 302 Mbps |
- 有线连接速率的数据仅为一天的测试结果，与实际情况有所偏差。
- 以上数据使用 speedtest-cli 测试得来。
IP
- 校园网通过 NAT 提供 IPv4，同时提供独立公共 IPv6 地址。
- 但是校外主机不能主动向此公共 IPv6 地址发送数据包。
线路
Cloudflare
IPv4
traceroute to cloudflare.com (104.16.133.229), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 7.042 ms 6.990 ms 6.974 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 5.418 ms 5.400 ms 5.385 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 3.954 ms 3.932 ms 3.913 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 3.889 ms 3.872 ms 3.855 ms
5 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 4.109 ms 4.090 ms 4.072 ms
6 202.112.20.13 (202.112.20.13) 5.191 ms * 4.848 ms
7 101.4.114.17 (101.4.114.17) 3.558 ms 3.540 ms 3.517 ms
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 26.761 ms 26.696 ms 26.664 ms
9 * * *
10 101.4.117.102 (101.4.117.102) 29.820 ms 101.4.117.98 (101.4.117.98) 28.412 ms 28.264 ms
11 101.4.117.214 (101.4.117.214) 253.514 ms 253.495 ms 252.016 ms
12 ix-xe-9-1-5-0.tcore1.lvw-losangeles.as6453.net (66.110.59.181) 251.961 ms 251.948 ms 251.935 ms
13 if-ae-30-2.tcore1.eql-losangeles.as6453.net (206.82.129.18) 251.917 ms 251.910 ms 251.893 ms
14 206.82.129.227 (206.82.129.227) 251.898 ms 251.887 ms 251.875 ms
15 172.70.204.2 (172.70.204.2) 225.130 ms 172.70.212.2 (172.70.212.2) 232.019 ms *
16 * * *
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
IPv6
traceroute to cloudflare.com (2606:4700::6810:84e5), 30 hops max, 80 byte packets
1 2001:250:4001:5013::1 (2001:250:4001:5013::1) 9.690 ms 9.619 ms 9.605 ms
2 2001:250:4001:9::1:1 (2001:250:4001:9::1:1) 9.585 ms 9.573 ms 9.556 ms
3 2001:250:4001::1 (2001:250:4001::1) 9.534 ms 9.518 ms 9.510 ms
4 cernet2.net (2001:da8:3009:a6::1) 9.499 ms 9.488 ms 9.469 ms
5 2001:da8:2:102::1 (2001:da8:2:102::1) 9.452 ms 9.433 ms 9.419 ms
6 2001:da8:2:d::2 (2001:da8:2:d::2) 13.054 ms * *
7 2001:da8:2:1::1 (2001:da8:2:1::1) 37.923 ms 34.669 ms 34.646 ms
8 cernet2.net (2001:252:0:2::101) 23.707 ms 22.819 ms 22.794 ms
9 * * cernet2.net (2001:252:0:109::2) 22.722 ms
10 * * *
11 * * cloudflare1-lacp-100g.hkix.net (2001:7fa:0:1::ca28:a0f6) 59.864 ms
12 2400:cb00:23:1024::6ca2:df96 (2400:cb00:23:1024::6ca2:df96) 58.316 ms 2400:cb00:23:1024::a29e:b013 (2400:cb00:23:1024::a29e:b013) 58.319 ms cloudflare1-lacp-100g.hkix.net (2001:7fa:0:1::ca28:a0f6) 59.816 ms
甲骨文
东京
traceroute to objectstorage.ap-tokyo-1.oraclecloud.com (134.70.80.3), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 4.554 ms 4.430 ms 4.399 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 7.480 ms 7.458 ms 7.447 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 19.192 ms 19.179 ms 19.167 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 19.155 ms 19.144 ms 19.132 ms
5 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 7.362 ms * 7.333 ms
6 202.112.20.13 (202.112.20.13) 7.309 ms 7.146 ms *
7 * * *
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 29.630 ms 29.604 ms 29.589 ms
9 * * *
10 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 28.725 ms * *
11 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 64.445 ms 64.434 ms 59.034 ms
12 203.131.254.213 (203.131.254.213) 59.589 ms 59.512 ms 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 59.411 ms
13 * 203.131.254.213 (203.131.254.213) 59.453 ms 59.429 ms
14 ae-12.r30.tokyjp05.jp.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.2.50) 161.562 ms 161.545 ms 110.845 ms
15 ae-0.a01.tokyjp10.jp.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.6.44) 112.922 ms 110.814 ms 112.895 ms
16 ae-0.a01.tokyjp10.jp.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.6.44) 110.784 ms 110.771 ms 112.846 ms
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
大阪
traceroute to objectstorage.ap-osaka-1.oraclecloud.com (134.70.112.3), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 2.314 ms 2.263 ms 2.247 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 4.558 ms 4.541 ms 4.533 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 2.434 ms 2.422 ms 2.398 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 5.558 ms 5.534 ms 3.396 ms
5 * 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 4.380 ms 4.328 ms
6 * 202.112.20.13 (202.112.20.13) 4.239 ms 8.625 ms
7 * * *
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 26.484 ms 26.411 ms 27.988 ms
9 * * *
10 * * 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 27.197 ms
11 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 59.074 ms 59.271 ms 60.575 ms
12 203.131.254.213 (203.131.254.213) 60.501 ms 58.764 ms 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 58.726 ms
13 ae-12.r27.tkokhk01.hk.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.5.162) 60.851 ms 203.131.254.213 (203.131.254.213) 59.704 ms ae-12.r27.tkokhk01.hk.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.5.162) 66.249 ms
14 ae-4.r26.osakjp02.jp.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.2.42) 109.524 ms 104.078 ms ae-12.r27.tkokhk01.hk.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.5.162) 60.794 ms
15 ae-1.r02.osakjp02.jp.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.2.40) 109.490 ms 104.041 ms 104.034 ms
16 * ae-1.r02.osakjp02.jp.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.2.40) 104.010 ms *
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
首尔
traceroute to objectstorage.ap-seoul-1.oraclecloud.com (134.70.96.3), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 3.333 ms 3.277 ms 3.258 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 4.388 ms 4.368 ms 4.350 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 2.915 ms 2.895 ms 2.882 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 4.010 ms 3.991 ms 3.978 ms
5 * 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 4.176 ms 4.159 ms
6 202.112.20.13 (202.112.20.13) 13.131 ms 10.221 ms 10.187 ms
7 * * *
8 101.4.112.37 (101.4.112.37) 19.244 ms 19.018 ms 18.989 ms
9 101.4.117.34 (101.4.117.34) 20.087 ms 18.990 ms 18.943 ms
10 * * 202.97.15.89 (202.97.15.89) 19.876 ms
11 202.97.95.125 (202.97.95.125) 20.062 ms 20.037 ms 20.021 ms
12 202.97.43.78 (202.97.43.78) 27.214 ms 24.919 ms 24.858 ms
13 59.43.137.226 (59.43.137.226) 47.100 ms 47.077 ms 47.059 ms
14 * * *
15 59.43.187.74 (59.43.187.74) 49.045 ms 59.43.247.58 (59.43.247.58) 52.317 ms 59.43.187.78 (59.43.187.78) 48.976 ms
16 59.43.187.210 (59.43.187.210) 69.210 ms 59.43.250.34 (59.43.250.34) 69.552 ms *
17 203.195.115.18 (203.195.115.18) 128.485 ms 112.835 ms 218.185.245.114 (218.185.245.114) 202.517 ms
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
春川
traceroute to objectstorage.ap-chuncheon-1.oraclecloud.com (134.70.132.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 3.112 ms 3.039 ms *
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 4.357 ms 4.329 ms 4.311 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 2.040 ms 2.017 ms 1.998 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 3.316 ms 3.303 ms 3.274 ms
5 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 7.266 ms 7.248 ms 7.230 ms
6 * * *
7 101.4.114.17 (101.4.114.17) 3.019 ms 3.731 ms 2.576 ms
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 26.943 ms 26.920 ms 26.907 ms
9 * * *
10 * * 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 26.786 ms
11 101.4.114.222 (101.4.114.222) 26.744 ms 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 59.817 ms 59.800 ms
12 * 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 59.461 ms *
13 skbroadband-svc069658-ic355032.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.190.115) 59.957 ms 59.933 ms *
14 skbroadband-svc072024-lag003419.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.47.109) 59.896 ms 210.180.97.20 (210.180.97.20) 96.367 ms skbroadband-svc069658-ic355032.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.190.115) 61.060 ms
15 * * *
16 210.180.97.20 (210.180.97.20) 95.849 ms 58.229.14.220 (58.229.14.220) 102.114 ms *
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
法兰克福
traceroute to objectstorage.eu-frankfurt-1.oraclecloud.com (134.70.40.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 4.080 ms 3.999 ms 3.983 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 10.241 ms 10.223 ms 10.204 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 4.165 ms 4.147 ms 4.126 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 4.103 ms 4.081 ms 4.036 ms
5 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 3.761 ms * 3.718 ms
6 * 202.112.20.13 (202.112.20.13) 5.114 ms 5.067 ms
7 101.4.114.17 (101.4.114.17) 5.013 ms 4.995 ms 4.973 ms
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 27.317 ms 27.298 ms 27.276 ms
9 * * *
10 * * 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 28.830 ms
11 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 68.479 ms 101.4.114.237 (101.4.114.237) 28.780 ms 101.4.114.222 (101.4.114.222) 28.769 ms
12 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 68.420 ms hnk-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (80.239.130.172) 62.649 ms 64.732 ms
13 hnk-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (80.239.130.172) 58.962 ms 61.806 ms *
14 ffm-bb1-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.116.20) 236.728 ms mei-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.135.140) 216.124 ms 216.105 ms
15 ffm-bb2-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.114.202) 236.664 ms * *
16 * * *
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
Hetzner
Nuremberg
IPv4
traceroute to nbg.icmp.hetzner.com (88.198.248.254), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 5.678 ms 5.596 ms *
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 5.554 ms 5.533 ms 5.509 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 6.316 ms 6.288 ms 6.270 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 6.252 ms 6.234 ms 6.216 ms
5 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 5.363 ms * 5.315 ms
6 * * 202.112.20.13 (202.112.20.13) 6.830 ms
7 101.4.114.17 (101.4.114.17) 6.831 ms 6.807 ms 6.788 ms
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 28.084 ms 28.666 ms 27.969 ms
9 * * *
10 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 27.880 ms 101.4.115.114 (101.4.115.114) 27.058 ms *
11 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 63.288 ms 101.4.118.122 (101.4.118.122) 31.457 ms 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 63.243 ms
12 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 60.378 ms 223.119.81.93 (223.119.81.93) 61.103 ms 61.071 ms
13 223.119.81.93 (223.119.81.93) 64.126 ms 223.118.18.53 (223.118.18.53) 198.918 ms 198.888 ms
14 223.120.10.157 (223.120.10.157) 199.512 ms 202.601 ms 198.839 ms
15 223.120.10.157 (223.120.10.157) 199.455 ms 199.435 ms 199.423 ms
16 core12.nbg1.hetzner.com (213.239.245.246) 203.954 ms 201.349 ms decix2-gw.hetzner.com (80.81.193.164) 201.267 ms
17 * * core12.nbg1.hetzner.com (213.239.245.246) 203.731 ms
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
IPv6
traceroute to nbg.icmp.hetzner.com (2a01:4f8:0:59ed::2), 30 hops max, 80 byte packets
1 * * *
2 2001:250:4001:9::1:1 (2001:250:4001:9::1:1) 12.791 ms 12.773 ms 12.762 ms
3 2001:250:4001::1 (2001:250:4001::1) 12.745 ms 12.733 ms 12.715 ms
4 cernet2.net (2001:da8:3009:a6::1) 18.179 ms 18.163 ms 18.156 ms
5 2001:da8:2:102::1 (2001:da8:2:102::1) 18.138 ms 12.638 ms 19.398 ms
6 * * *
7 2001:da8:2:1::1 (2001:da8:2:1::1) 34.731 ms 34.705 ms 29.327 ms
8 cernet2.net (2001:252:0:2::101) 34.683 ms 29.282 ms 29.392 ms
9 cernet2.net (2001:252:0:109::2) 36.582 ms cernet2.net (2001:252:0💯:2) 36.585 ms *
10 * * *
11 * * *
12 * * *
13 * * *
14 * hetzner-online.par.franceix.net (2001:7f8:54::1:197) 273.626 ms *
15 2a01:4f8:0:3::411 (2a01:4f8:0:3::411) 273.604 ms 257.770 ms 257.686 ms
16 2a01:4f8:0:3::411 (2a01:4f8:0:3::411) 256.987 ms * *
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
Falkenstein
IPv4
traceroute to fsn.icmp.hetzner.com (78.46.170.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 5.250 ms 5.199 ms 5.184 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 5.620 ms 5.602 ms 5.574 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 2.722 ms * 2.684 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 5.493 ms 5.473 ms 5.458 ms
5 * 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 9.352 ms *
6 * * *
7 101.4.114.17 (101.4.114.17) 3.576 ms 4.555 ms 3.521 ms
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 28.449 ms 27.529 ms 28.396 ms
9 * * *
10 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 27.701 ms 27.640 ms 27.624 ms
11 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 59.818 ms 61.895 ms 67.875 ms
12 223.119.81.93 (223.119.81.93) 60.659 ms 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 65.201 ms 64.335 ms
13 223.119.81.93 (223.119.81.93) 62.128 ms * 63.310 ms
14 223.120.10.157 (223.120.10.157) 270.495 ms 261.379 ms 257.617 ms
15 223.120.10.157 (223.120.10.157) 257.569 ms decix2-gw.hetzner.com (80.81.193.164) 237.227 ms 223.120.10.157 (223.120.10.157) 233.586 ms
16 decix-gw.hetzner.com (80.81.192.164) 214.307 ms * 207.280 ms
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
IPv6
traceroute to fsn.icmp.hetzner.com (2a01:4f8:0:a232::2), 30 hops max, 80 byte packets
1 2001:250:4001:5013::1 (2001:250:4001:5013::1) 3.598 ms 3.517 ms *
2 2001:250:4001:9::1:1 (2001:250:4001:9::1:1) 3.480 ms 6.262 ms 6.241 ms
3 2001:250:4001::1 (2001:250:4001::1) 11.052 ms 11.031 ms 11.011 ms
4 cernet2.net (2001:da8:3009:a6::1) 6.160 ms 6.140 ms 6.117 ms
5 2001:da8:2:102::1 (2001:da8:2:102::1) 6.107 ms 6.087 ms 6.065 ms
6 * * *
7 * * *
8 cernet2.net (2001:252:0:2::101) 26.391 ms 26.366 ms 29.863 ms
9 * * *
10 * * *
11 * * *
12 * * *
13 * * *
14 * hetzner-online.par.franceix.net (2001:7f8:54::1:197) 284.267 ms 284.195 ms
15 2a01:4f8:0:3::411 (2a01:4f8:0:3::411) 284.171 ms core11.nbg1.hetzner.com (2a01:4f8:0:3::3b1) 284.153 ms 2a01:4f8:0:3::411 (2a01:4f8:0:3::411) 284.127 ms
16 * core23.fsn1.hetzner.com (2a01:4f8:0:3::c6) 284.080 ms *
17 core23.fsn1.hetzner.com (2a01:4f8:0:3::c6) 257.270 ms * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
Helsinki
IPv4
traceroute to hel.icmp.hetzner.com (95.217.255.81), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 3.921 ms 3.852 ms 3.823 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 4.953 ms 4.926 ms 4.904 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 4.038 ms 4.019 ms 4.000 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 3.975 ms 3.956 ms 3.939 ms
5 * * *
6 * * *
7 101.4.114.17 (101.4.114.17) 3.002 ms 4.616 ms 4.543 ms
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 32.271 ms 32.244 ms 32.230 ms
9 * * *
10 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 27.871 ms 28.042 ms *
11 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 59.791 ms 101.4.118.122 (101.4.118.122) 27.872 ms 101.4.114.237 (101.4.114.237) 28.810 ms
12 hnk-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (80.239.130.172) 60.977 ms 60.958 ms 60.150 ms
13 hnk-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (80.239.130.172) 60.098 ms * *
14 mei-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.135.140) 227.103 ms 227.081 ms ffm-bb1-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.116.20) 258.442 ms
15 ffm-bb2-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.114.202) 257.529 ms ffm-bb1-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.116.20) 258.398 ms 260.039 ms
16 s-bb1-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.143.28) 253.054 ms s-bb2-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.138.104) 248.775 ms hls-b3-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.122.33) 256.690 ms
17 hls-b3-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.122.35) 254.467 ms hetzner-svc076536-ic365572.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.52.255) 314.981 ms 314.928 ms
18 hetzner-svc076536-ic365572.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.52.255) 314.907 ms 314.882 ms core31.hel1.hetzner.com (213.239.224.38) 328.588 ms
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
IPv6
traceroute to hel.icmp.hetzner.com (2a01:4f9:0:a010::20), 30 hops max, 80 byte packets
1 2001:250:4001:5013::1 (2001:250:4001:5013::1) 2.717 ms 2.589 ms 3.637 ms
2 2001:250:4001:9::1:1 (2001:250:4001:9::1:1) 3.681 ms 3.666 ms 5.782 ms
3 * * *
4 cernet2.net (2001:da8:3009:a6::1) 3.581 ms 3.568 ms 3.541 ms
5 2001:da8:2:102::1 (2001:da8:2:102::1) 5.681 ms 5.665 ms 5.639 ms
6 2001:da8:2:d::2 (2001:da8:2:d::2) 14.437 ms * *
7 * * *
8 cernet2.net (2001:252:0:2::101) 21.738 ms 22.569 ms 21.690 ms
9 * * *
10 * * *
11 * * *
12 * * *
13 100ge9-1.core1.sto1.he.net (2001:470:0:579::2) 275.599 ms 256.380 ms *
14 100ge9-1.core1.sto1.he.net (2001:470:0:579::2) 256.245 ms netnod-ix-ge-b-sth-4470.hetzner.de (2001:7f8:d:fb::71) 256.888 ms 100ge9-1.core1.sto1.he.net (2001:470:0:579::2) 253.388 ms
15 netnod-ix-ge-b-sth-4470.hetzner.de (2001:7f8:d:fb::71) 255.417 ms 256.320 ms 255.522 ms
16 core11.nbg1.hetzner.com (2a01:4f8:0:3::29) 276.686 ms * *
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
Ashburn
IPv4
traceroute to ash.icmp.hetzner.com (5.161.7.195), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (10.135.127.254) 4.920 ms 4.779 ms 4.757 ms
2 172.16.254.14 (172.16.254.14) 6.840 ms 6.822 ms 7.343 ms
3 172.17.11.214 (172.17.11.214) 10.075 ms 10.056 ms 10.033 ms
4 172.17.11.254 (172.17.11.254) 10.012 ms 9.996 ms 9.977 ms
5 218.197.158.254 (218.197.158.254) 6.651 ms 6.631 ms *
6 202.112.20.13 (202.112.20.13) 6.604 ms * *
7 101.4.114.17 (101.4.114.17) 3.784 ms 3.287 ms 3.265 ms
8 101.4.115.201 (101.4.115.201) 26.145 ms 26.134 ms 26.125 ms
9 * * *
10 * * 101.4.118.26 (101.4.118.26) 26.961 ms
11 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 58.938 ms 60.005 ms 62.095 ms
12 101.4.114.182 (101.4.114.182) 62.052 ms hnk-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (80.239.130.172) 59.838 ms 61.746 ms
13 * hnk-b4-link.ip.twelve99.net (80.239.130.172) 59.801 ms 59.787 ms
14 sjo-b23-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.142.64) 213.954 ms * *
15 * sjo-b23-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.142.64) 213.367 ms *
16 * ash-bb2-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.136.201) 288.109 ms *
17 ash-bb2-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.136.201) 287.609 ms * ash-b2-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.123.125) 287.511 ms
18 hetzner-svc080622-ic370437.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.149.65) 379.079 ms ash-b2-link.ip.twelve99.net (62.115.123.125) 286.726 ms hetzner-svc080622-ic370437.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.149.65) 380.182 ms
19 hetzner-svc080622-ic370437.ip.twelve99-cust.net (62.115.149.65) 381.302 ms * 378.822 ms
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
IPv6
traceroute to ash.icmp.hetzner.com (2a01:4ff:ef::fa57:1), 30 hops max, 80 byte packets
1 * * *
2 2001:250:4001:9::1:1 (2001:250:4001:9::1:1) 11.265 ms 11.244 ms 11.220 ms
3 * * *
4 cernet2.net (2001:da8:3009:a6::1) 11.128 ms 11.108 ms 11.082 ms
5 2001:da8:2:102::1 (2001:da8:2:102::1) 11.056 ms 13.223 ms 13.204 ms
6 2001:da8:2:d::2 (2001:da8:2:d::2) 16.943 ms 14.541 ms 14.475 ms
7 * * *
8 cernet2.net (2001:252:0:2::101) 28.038 ms 28.018 ms 28.028 ms
9 * * *
10 * * *
11 100ge15-1.core1.hkg1.he.net (2001:470:0:5f9::1) 57.846 ms 69.003 ms *
12 as1299.gige-g3-10.core1.hkg1.he.net (2001:470:0:166::2) 60.015 ms 100ge15-1.core1.hkg1.he.net (2001:470:0:5f9::1) 59.996 ms as1299.gige-g3-10.core1.hkg1.he.net (2001:470:0:166::2) 64.224 ms
13 * * as1299.gige-g3-10.core1.hkg1.he.net (2001:470:0:166::2) 57.778 ms
14 sjo-b23-v6.ip.twelve99.net (2001:2034:0:133::1) 268.953 ms * 268.349 ms
15 sjo-b23-v6.ip.twelve99.net (2001:2034:0:133::1) 268.400 ms 270.385 ms 270.328 ms
16 ash-bb2-v6.ip.twelve99.net (2001:2034:1:74::1) 270.312 ms 269.629 ms nyk-bb2-v6.ip.twelve99.net (2001:2034:1:b8::1) 281.996 ms
17 * * *
18 hetzner-svc080622-ic370437.ip.twelve99-cust.net (2001:2035:0:e00::2) 270.649 ms 270.140 ms 268.396 ms
19 hetzner-svc080622-ic370437.ip.twelve99-cust.net (2001:2035:0:e00::2) 270.172 ms 270.083 ms *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * *
28 * * *
29 * * *
30 * * *
体会
WiFi 的带宽比较一般，只能说比这里的 4G 流量快；有线连接的带宽就很不错，能满足需求。丢包和延迟我没测试，但有个室友玩王者荣耀时经常骂校园网卡，所以大概是不怎么样。
早就听说 CERNET 连接墙外很快，实际测试下来果然是这样，IPv6 下连接 Cloudflare 的速度很理想，以后基本不用考虑 VPS 线路的问题了。
CERNET 在 IPv4 下连接「甲骨文 法兰克福」以及 Hetzner 欧洲数据中心的速度非常理想，全天都能跑满。
参考
更新日志
2020-12-19
- 根据自身体验重写部分段落。
- 调整措辞，补充信息。
- 增加脚注。
2022-01-01
- 增加用 Shell 脚本登录校园网的段落。
- 重写「线路」一节，增加 traceroute 信息。
- 调整措辞，补充信息。
2022-01-06
重写「IP」一节，现在不能通过 IPv6 从校外直连校内了。
2022-03-05
- 新增「甲骨文 法兰克福」和 Hetzner 的 traceroute 信息，更新其它 traceroute 结果。
- 新增体会。
- 删除「问题」一节（我在寝室用上了无线路由器，原来的问题都不是问题了）。